Investigating the impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background: A major cardiovascular risk is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hence efficient treatment approaches are required to reduce negative effects. Beyond just controlling blood sugar, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have shown promise as cardiovascular medicines.
Methodology: March 2023–February 2024 saw the conduct of a retrospective cohort research at Hayatabad Medical Complex in Pakistan. The study included 58 patients with T2DM, assessing cardiovascular outcomes among those treated with and without SGLT2 inhibitors. Data on baseline characteristics, medication history, and cardiovascular events were analyzed, with multivariable regression to assess associations.
Results: Out of the total of sixty-eight patients, thirty were using SGLT2 inhibitors. Compared to the group of non-SGLT2 inhibitors, the SGLT2 inhibitor group had a decreased occurrence of cardiovascular events (13.3% vs. 28.6%, p = 0.041). The study found a significant association between the reduction of cardiovascular risk and the usage of SGLT2 inhibitors (adjusted odds ratio: 0.41, 95% confidence interval: 0.18–0.92, p = 0.032) based on multivariable regression analysis.
Conclusion: Consistent with previous research, our results show that SGLT2 inhibitors have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system in people with type 2 diabetes. If they are a component of all-encompassing treatment plans for type 2 diabetics, SGLT2 inhibitors may even with research limitations enhance cardiovascular outcomes. Validating these results and delving further into the underlying processes will need prospective research.