Frequency of Retinopathy Among Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Keywords:
retinopathy, type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM, hemoglobin a1c, diagnostic criteriaAbstract
Background: Diabetic retinopathy, a sight-threatening microvascular disease affecting the retina, is a significant concern in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) due to its potential to cause blindness when left untreated.
Objective: The research objective was to investigate the frequency of retinopathy in newly diagnosed patients with T2DM.
Methodology: A six-month cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) involving 296 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients aged 18 to 60. The research used specialist technology for clinical assessments of diabetic retinopathy and excluded participants with particular retinal diseases. SPSS 27.0 was used to analyze the data, which included a number of characteristics such as age, gender, and the type and presence of retinopathy.
Results: The age range of the participants was 18 to 60 years, with the bulk (n = 166) falling into the fourth decade with an average age of 36.95 ± 10.12 years. Diabetic retinopathy was seen in 61 people (20.60%) who had been clinically diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus. There were 39 (13.17%) men and 22 (7.43%) females among them. The hemoglobin A1C for individuals with diabetic retinopathy was found to be 8.4 ± 1.4. In patients with other forms of retinopathy, background retinopathy was found in 32 patients (n=19; 31.14%), 13 of whom were women, and 13 of whom were males.
Conclusion: This study identified a substantial rate of diabetic retinopathy (20.60%) in newly diagnosed T2DM patients, underscoring the importance of early detection and glycemic control to manage this common complication.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Muhammad Sajid, Seemab Mehmood, Muhammad Ibrahim Khan, Faiza Mansha, Ma. Socorro Gonzaga Leong-on (Author)
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