The link  between hypertension and stroke: Investigating dietary influences

Sara  Nisar; Sana Saleem; Sarah  Saleem; Awal Rehman; Abdul  Baseer; Muskan Rasool

doi:10.62497/IRABCS.2024.47

Authors

Sara Nisar Women Medical College Abbotabad Author
Sana Saleem Khyber Medical College Peshawar Author https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1431-026X
Sarah Saleem Resident Surgeon, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan Author https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2369-9721
Awal Rehman Khyber Medical College Peshawar Author https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5626-2404
Abdul Baseer Senior House Officer, Hospital: Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar Author https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7534-2118
Muskan Rasool Khyber Medical College Peshawar Author https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3477-5636

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62497/IRABCS.2024.47

Keywords:

hypertension, nutrient intake, traditional diet, stroke, western diet, health-conscious diet, blood pressure

Abstract

Introduction: Diet plays a crucial role in managing hypertension and preventing stroke. This study explores how different dietary patterns influence blood pressure and stroke risk in hypertensive patients.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and their impact on hypertension and stroke risk among hypertensive patients.

Methods: At Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, 58 hypertension patients with a stroke history participated in a cross-sectional study. Three dietary patterns were found by main component analysis of the food frequency questionnaire used to measure dietary intake: traditional, western, and health-conscious. Blood pressure readings were taken, and the relationship between eating habits and stroke risk was assessed using logistic regression analysis.

Results: Lower systolic (140 ± 12 mm Hg) and diastolic (90 ± 8 mm Hg) blood pressure was recorded in participants following a health-conscious diet pattern than in those following Traditional (150 ± 15 mm Hg systolic, 95 ± 10 mm Hg diastolic) or Western (160 ± 18 mm Hg systolic, 100 ± 12 mm Hg diastolic). Stroke risk was increased with the Western eating pattern (OR = 1.35, p = 0.005) and decreased with the health-conscious pattern (OR = 0.75, p = 0.020).

Conclusion: Dietary habits have a big impact on how well hypertensive people control their blood pressure and how likely stroke is. Changing to a health-conscious diet can help control hypertension and lower the risk of stroke, which emphasizes the importance of dietary therapies and public health initiatives to encourage good eating habits.

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