Investigating the Relationship between Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease in Obese Patients

Khurrum Rashid; Dr. Muttahar Bashir; Dr. Salman Shahid; Dr. Saeed  Anwar; Dr. Abdul  Baseer; Dr. Syed  Abdul Haseeb

doi:10.62497/IRABCS.2024.61

Authors

Dr. Khurrum Rashid Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan Author https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2757-1299
Dr. Muttahar Bashir Gomal Medical College DI Khan, Pakistan Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4268-7210
Dr. Salman Shahid Ayub Medical College Abbottabad, Pakistan Author https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4505-3216
Dr. Saeed Anwar Gomal Medical College DI Khan, Pakistan Author https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6999-4037
Dr. Abdul Baseer Khyber Medical College Peshawar, Pakistan Author https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7534-2118
Dr. Syed Abdul Haseeb Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan Author https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0936-6638

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62497/IRABCS.2024.61

Keywords:

sleep apnea, obesity, cardiovascular disease, apnea-Hypopnea Index, risk factors

Abstract

Introduction: Sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are prevalent among obese individuals, posing significant health risks globally. Understanding their relationship is crucial for effective management.

Methodology: Data from 81 obese individuals with identified sleep apnea at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) in Islamabad from June 2021 to May 2024 were examined in this retroactive cohort research. Using logistic regression, demographic information, sleep apnea degree (Apnea-Hypopnea Index, AHI), cardiovascular risk factors, and outcomes were examined.

Results: The study revealed a high frequency (67%), of moderate to severe OSA (AHI >15). Common comorbidies were hypertension (58%), diabetes mellitus (42%), and coronary artery disease (27%). A 1.54-fold higher chances of cardiovascular events (p < 0.001) with per unit rise in AHI score.

Conclusion: In obese people, the degree of sleep apnea strongly corresponds with cardiovascular risk. Reducing these hazards depends on integrated management plans. New therapy strategies should be investigated in future studies and results validated among several populations.

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Author Biographies

Dr. Khurrum Rashid, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan

House Officer
Dr. Abdul Baseer, Khyber Medical College Peshawar, Pakistan

Medical Officer
Dr. Syed Abdul Haseeb, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan

Medical Officer

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