Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Heart Failure Outcomes in Vitamin D Deficient Patients: A Public Health Perspective

Awais Ahmed Uttra; Hafiz Muhammad  Abdullah

doi:10.62497/IRABCS.2024.80

Authors

Awais Ahmed Uttra Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7677-5433
Hafiz Muhammad Abdullah Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Biological and Applied Sciences Lahore, Pakistan Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7677-5433

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62497/IRABCS.2024.80

Keywords:

heart failure, vitamin D, supplementation, clinical outcomes, quality of life.

Abstract

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with emerging evidence suggesting a link between vitamin D deficiency and adverse heart failure outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on heart failure outcomes in vitamin D-deficient patients and explore the broader public health implications of these findings.

Methodology: The observational cohort study was conducted over a one-year period from January 2023 to December 2023, involving 220 adults aged 40 years and older with diagnosed heart failure and confirmed vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D <20 ng/mL). Over the course of a year, participants were randomized to receive either a placebo or 2000 IU of vitamin D3 daily. At baseline, three, six, and twelve months, information was gathered on hospitalizations, heart failure status, serum vitamin D levels, demographics, and quality of life. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, and chi-square tests were among the statistical analyses.

Results: The vitamin D group experienced a considerable rise in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, which went from 17.37 ± 3.62 ng/mL to 35.18 ± 7.13 ng/mL (p < 0.001). Compared to 8 out of 110 patients (7.27%) in the placebo group, 25 out of 110 patients (22.73%) in the vitamin D group achieved Class I status, indicating an improvement in NYHA Class (p = 0.013). At 12 months, the vitamin D group's hospitalization rate dropped to 3 out of 110 patients (2.73%) from 10 out of 110 patients (9.09%) in the placebo group (p = 0.028). By the 12-month mark, the vitamin D group's quality of life scores had significantly improved to 75.68 ± 8.93, whereas the placebo group's scores were much lower at 56.52 ± 10.54.

Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation has the potential to be used as an adjuvant therapy in the management of heart failure since it dramatically improves clinical outcomes in individuals with vitamin D-deficient heart failure.

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Author Biographies

Awais Ahmed Uttra, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand

1- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand

2- Department of Pharmacy, Obaid Noor Institute of Medical Sciences, Mianwali 42200, Pakistan

[email protected]
Hafiz Muhammad Abdullah , Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Biological and Applied Sciences Lahore, Pakistan

Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Biological and Applied Sciences Lahore, Pakistan

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